Avrupa genelinde may\u0131s ay\u0131nda etkili olan ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc s\u0131cak hava dalgas\u0131, k\u0131ta genelinde alarm zillerinin \u00e7almas\u0131na neden oldu. \u0130spanya, Fransa, Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k, \u0130rlanda ve Almanya\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fkentlerini etkisi alt\u0131na alan bu ekstrem hava olay\u0131, meteorolojide \u201c\u0131s\u0131 kubbesi\u201d (heat dome) olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan bir sistemle a\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131yor. Uzmanlar, iklim krizinin k\u00fcresel \u00e7apta a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 s\u0131caklar\u0131 hem daha s\u0131k hem de \u00e7ok daha \u015fiddetli hale getirdi\u011fi konusunda kritik uyar\u0131larda bulunuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n farkl\u0131 metropollerinde may\u0131s ay\u0131nda kaydedilen s\u0131ra d\u0131\u015f\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131klar, hem yerel halk\u0131 hem de haz\u0131rl\u0131ks\u0131z yakalanan turistleri zor durumda b\u0131rakt\u0131. Madrid\u2019den Berlin\u2019e kadar uzanan geni\u015f bir co\u011frafi hatta s\u0131cakl\u0131k de\u011ferleri mevsim normallerinin tam 10\u00b0C \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Frans\u0131z meteoroloji servisi M\u00e9t\u00e9o France taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klamada, bu ani s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n arkas\u0131nda bir “\u0131s\u0131 kubbesi” oldu\u011fu belirtildi. Y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7 sisteminin, s\u0131cak havay\u0131 belirli bir b\u00f6lgede hapsetmesiyle olu\u015fan bu meteorolojik fenomen, uzun s\u00fcreli ve ola\u011fan d\u0131\u015f\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131k dalgalar\u0131na yol a\u00e7\u0131yor. The Guardian’\u0131n aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re bilim insanlar\u0131, bu t\u00fcr ekstrem hava olaylar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011frudan iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fiyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011funu vurguluyor. Uzmanlar, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 s\u0131caklar\u0131n art\u0131k yaln\u0131zca temmuz ve a\u011fustos gibi yaz aylar\u0131nda de\u011fil, ilkbahar gibi ge\u00e7i\u015f mevsimlerinde de s\u0131kl\u0131kla g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130spanya’n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Madrid\u2019de s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131n 30\u00b0C\u2019ye yakla\u015fmas\u0131yla birlikte, kentin en ikonik noktalar\u0131 olan Plaza Mayor ve Puerta del Sol gibi turistik b\u00f6lgelerde g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam adeta durma noktas\u0131na geldi. Tur gruplar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k alanlar yerine g\u00f6lgelik yerlerde kalmay\u0131 tercih ederken; d\u0131\u015far\u0131da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak zorunda olan sokak sat\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 ve hizmet sekt\u00f6r\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131, su t\u00fcketimi ile g\u00f6lge aray\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n kendileri i\u00e7in hayati bir \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fransa’n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Paris\u2019te, \u00f6zellikle geleneksel mimariye sahip apartmanlar\u0131n \u00fcst katlar\u0131nda ya\u015fayanlar i\u00e7in s\u0131cakl\u0131k bunalt\u0131c\u0131 boyutlara ula\u015ft\u0131. Place des Vosges gibi \u00fcnl\u00fc parklar ve ye\u015fil alanlar serinlemek isteyen Parisli ve turistlerle dolup ta\u015farken, pek \u00e7ok ki\u015fi serinlemek i\u00e7in park havuzlar\u0131n\u0131 ve \u015fehir \u00e7e\u015fmelerini kulland\u0131. S\u0131nav d\u00f6nemine haz\u0131rlanan \u00f6\u011frenciler ise geceleri s\u0131caktan uyuyamad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve okul s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131nda klima bulunmamas\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ma\u011fduriyet yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 aktard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130ngiltere\u2019nin ba\u015fkenti Londra\u2019da hava s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sadece birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde radikal bir y\u00fckseli\u015f g\u00f6stererek 14\u00b0C\u2019den 34\u00b0C\u2019ye f\u0131rlad\u0131. Buckingham Saray\u0131 ve \u00e7evresini ziyaret eden turistler, ani bast\u0131ran g\u00fcne\u015ften korunmakta b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck \u00e7ekti. Ziyaret\u00e7iler, Londra\u2019n\u0131n bu t\u00fcr ekstrem s\u0131cak dalgalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 altyap\u0131sal olarak haz\u0131rl\u0131ks\u0131z oldu\u011funu, \u015fehir genelinde temiz suya eri\u015fimin ve g\u00f6lgelik alanlar\u0131n son derece s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti. Kent sakinleri ise Londra’da her y\u0131l yeni bir s\u0131cakl\u0131k rekorunun k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131ndan endi\u015feli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130rlanda\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Dublin\u2019de, may\u0131s ay\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131k rekoru alt\u00fcst oldu. Termometrelerin 29,7\u00b0C\u2019yi g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi kentte, \u00fclkenin al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ya\u011f\u0131\u015fl\u0131, kapal\u0131 ve serin havas\u0131yla tam bir tezat olu\u015fturan beklenmedik bir “yaz g\u00fcn\u00fc” ya\u015fand\u0131. Halk ve turistler deniz kenarlar\u0131na ak\u0131n ederken, iklim uzmanlar\u0131 bu t\u00fcr ani ve sert s\u0131cakl\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fimlerinin iklim krizinin en somut g\u00f6stergelerinden biri oldu\u011funu hat\u0131rlatt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Almanya\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Berlin, \u0131s\u0131 kubbesinin merkezinde de\u011fil yaln\u0131zca kenar\u0131nda yer almas\u0131na ra\u011fmen yakla\u015f\u0131k 30\u00b0C\u2019ye ula\u015fan s\u0131cakl\u0131klarla m\u00fccadele etti. Kentteki Wannsee G\u00f6l\u00fc ve plaj alanlar\u0131 i\u011fne atsan yere d\u00fc\u015fmeyecek \u015fekilde doldu. Berlin\u2019i ziyaret edenler ve kent sakinleri, \u015fehirdeki binalarda klima altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131n bu s\u0131cak g\u00fcnlerde ya\u015fam\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtirken, a\u00e7\u0131k su alanlar\u0131 \u015fehirdeki en \u00f6nemli cankurtaran oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Meteoroloji ve iklim uzmanlar\u0131na g\u00f6re, Avrupa\u2019da ilkbahar aylar\u0131nda g\u00f6zlemlenen bu erken s\u0131cak hava dalgalar\u0131, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nman\u0131n etkisiyle gelecekte daha s\u0131k, daha uzun s\u00fcreli ve daha yo\u011fun ya\u015fanacak. Bilim insanlar\u0131, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 s\u0131caklar\u0131n art\u0131k ge\u00e7ici birer istisna olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve Avrupa k\u0131tas\u0131 i\u00e7in kademeli olarak “yeni normal” haline geldi\u011fini vurguluyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n