Baz\u0131 isimler vard\u0131r; yaln\u0131zca ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00f6neme de\u011fil, gelece\u011fe de seslenirler. Aradan y\u0131llar ge\u00e7se de dizeleri meydanlarda, kitaplarda, \u015fark\u0131larda ve insanlar\u0131n y\u00fcre\u011finde ya\u015famay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcr. T\u00fcrk \u015fiirinin d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131ndaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck temsilcilerinden N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet Ran da o isimlerden biri. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en \u00f6nemli \u015fairleri aras\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilen, eserleri 50\u2019den fazla dile \u00e7evrilen, \u015fiirleri milyonlarca insan taraf\u0131ndan ezbere bilinen N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet, \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn 63. y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131nda an\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3 Haziran 1963 sabah\u0131 Moskova\u2019da ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi kalp krizi sonucu ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitiren b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fair, ard\u0131nda yaln\u0131zca \u015fiirler de\u011fil; \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, bar\u0131\u015f, memleket sevgisi ve insanl\u0131k \u00fczerine kurulmu\u015f dev bir miras b\u0131rakt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet, kendi ya\u015fam \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc anlat\u0131rken \u00e7ocuklu\u011funu \u015fu s\u00f6zlerle dile getiriyordu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\u201cBen 1902 y\u0131l\u0131nda Selanik\u2019te do\u011fdum. \u0130lk \u015fiirimi 13 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken yazd\u0131m. Ailem benim harika bir \u00e7ocuk oldu\u011fuma karar vermi\u015f ve \u015fiir yazmam\u0131 telkin etmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
Ressam Celile Han\u0131m ile Hikmet Bey\u2019in o\u011flu olan N\u00e2z\u0131m, k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve sanatla i\u00e7 i\u00e7e bir aile ortam\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc. \u0130lk \u00f6\u011frenimini \u0130stanbul\u2019da tamamlad\u0131ktan sonra Bahriye Mektebi\u2019ne girdi. Burada edebiyat derslerine d\u00f6nemin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fairlerinden Yahya Kemal giriyordu. Bir g\u00fcn yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fiiri okuyan Yahya Kemal\u2019in ona s\u00f6yledi\u011fi s\u00f6z, adeta gelece\u011fin habercisi olur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\u201cBu kadar allay\u0131p pullayabildi\u011fine g\u00f6re, senden kesin \u015fair olur.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
Hen\u00fcz 16 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken \u015fiirleri yay\u0131mlanmaya ba\u015flayan N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet, \u00e7ok k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n dikkat \u00e7eken gen\u00e7 kalemlerinden biri haline geldi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Anadolu Topraklar\u0131ndan Moskova Ekol\u00fcne<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Anadolu\u2019ya ge\u00e7en N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet, Milli M\u00fccadele\u2019ye destek vermek amac\u0131yla arkada\u015flar\u0131yla birlikte \u0130stanbul\u2019dan \u0130nebolu\u2019ya ge\u00e7ti. Bir s\u00fcre Bolu\u2019da \u00f6\u011fretmenlik yapt\u0131ktan sonra Batum \u00fczerinden Moskova\u2019ya gitti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Moskova\u2019da e\u011fitim g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc y\u0131llar, hem d\u00fcnya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc hem de \u015fiir anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u015fekillendirdi. \u00d6zellikle Rus \u015fiirinden ve devrim sonras\u0131 sanat hareketlerinden etkilenen gen\u00e7 \u015fair, T\u00fcrk \u015fiirinde o g\u00fcne kadar g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f bir yenili\u011fin \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc oldu. Serbest nazm\u0131 T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131na kazand\u0131ran N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet, \u015fiiri kal\u0131plardan kurtard\u0131; ona yeni bir ritim, yeni bir nefes verdi. 1929 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanan \u201c835 Sat\u0131r\u201d, yaln\u0131zca bir \u015fiir kitab\u0131 de\u011fil, T\u00fcrk \u015fiirinde bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Demir Parmakl\u0131klar Arkas\u0131nda \u00dcretken Bir Direni\u015f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet\u2019in ya\u015fam\u0131 kadar m\u00fccadelesi de unutulmazd\u0131. Siyasi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri nedeniyle defalarca yarg\u0131land\u0131. 1938 y\u0131l\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131lan Harp Okulu ve Donanma davalar\u0131nda toplam 28 y\u0131l 4 ay hapis cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Ancak demir parmakl\u0131klar onun sesini susturamad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130stanbul, \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131 ve Bursa cezaevlerinde ge\u00e7en y\u0131llar boyunca T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck eserlerinden baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kaleme ald\u0131. \u201cMemleketimden \u0130nsan Manzaralar\u0131\u201d, \u201cKuv\u00e2yi Milliye Destan\u0131\u201d ve pek \u00e7ok unutulmaz \u015fiiri bu y\u0131llar\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. Hapishanede ge\u00e7en y\u0131llar yaln\u0131zca bir mahpusluk hik\u00e2yesi de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00fcretim ve diren\u00e7 hik\u00e2yesiydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet\u2019in \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131nda kampanyalar d\u00fczenlendi. Albert Camus, Jean-Paul Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir, Pablo Picasso ve Pablo Neruda gibi d\u00f6nemin en \u00f6nemli ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 onun serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar yapt\u0131. Pablo Neruda\u2019n\u0131n \u015fu s\u00f6zleri, d\u00fcnya edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet\u2019e duydu\u011fu sayg\u0131n\u0131n en \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6rneklerinden biri olarak tarihe ge\u00e7ti:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\u201cN\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019a sahip \u00e7\u0131k\u0131n. Biz onun yan\u0131nda \u015fair bile say\u0131lmay\u0131z\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
1950 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan genel afla \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne kavu\u015fan \u015fair, ayn\u0131 y\u0131l D\u00fcnya Bar\u0131\u015f Konseyi taraf\u0131ndan verilen Uluslararas\u0131 Bar\u0131\u015f \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc\u2019ne lay\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u00fcrg\u00fcn Y\u0131llar\u0131 ve Memleket Hasreti<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Ancak \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck uzun s\u00fcrmedi. Askerli\u011fe \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan ya\u015fam\u0131ndan endi\u015fe eden N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet, 1951 y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den ayr\u0131larak Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019ne gitti. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l Bakanlar Kurulu karar\u0131yla vatanda\u015fl\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hayat\u0131n\u0131n geri kalan\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrg\u00fcnde ge\u00e7irdi ama memleketini hi\u00e7bir zaman terk etmedi. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc onun memleketi \u015fiirlerinde ya\u015famaya devam etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\u201cAkdeniz\u2019e bir k\u0131srak ba\u015f\u0131 gibi uzanan bu memleket, bizim\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
dizesi, yaln\u0131zca bir \u015fiir de\u011fil; s\u00fcrg\u00fcndeki bir \u015fairin y\u00fcre\u011finden y\u00fckselen \u00f6zlemin ifadesiydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Edebiyatta Silinmez Bir \u0130z<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet yaln\u0131zca bir \u015fair de\u011fildi. Romanlar, oyunlar, denemeler yazd\u0131. \u201cKafatas\u0131\u201d, \u201cFerhat ile \u015eirin\u201d, \u201cBir \u00d6l\u00fc Evi\u201d ve \u201cUnutulan Adam\u201d gibi tiyatro eserleri \u00fclkemizin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkesinde sahnelendi. Orhan Selim, Ahmet O\u011fuz Saruhan ve farkl\u0131 takma isimlerle gazetecilik yapt\u0131, k\u00f6\u015fe yaz\u0131lar\u0131 kaleme ald\u0131. \u015eiirleri bir\u00e7ok sanat\u00e7\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan bestelendi ve milyonlara ula\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Usta romanc\u0131 Ya\u015far Kemal, N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet i\u00e7in kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaz\u0131da onu \u201cb\u00fcy\u00fck halk ozanlar\u0131n\u0131n son b\u00fcy\u00fck halkas\u0131\u201d olarak tan\u0131ml\u0131yor ve ekliyordu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\u201cT\u00fcrk dili var olduk\u00e7a N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet de var olacakt\u0131r. E\u011fer N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck yol g\u00f6sterici gelmeseydi, edebiyat\u0131m\u0131z bu seviyeye \u00e7\u0131kamazd\u0131.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
Bug\u00fcn, \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fczerinden 63 y\u0131l ge\u00e7mi\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen bu s\u00f6zler h\u00e2l\u00e2 ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini koruyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet yaln\u0131zca ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemin de\u011fil, gelece\u011fin de \u015fairi oldu. Moskova\u2019daki Novodevi\u00e7i Mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019nda yatan mavi g\u00f6zl\u00fc dev, \u015fiirleriyle h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, karde\u015fli\u011fi, umudu ve insan sevgisini anlatmaya devam ediyor. Ve belki de aradan ge\u00e7en 63 y\u0131la ra\u011fmen N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet en \u00e7ok da kendi dizelerinde ya\u015famay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\u201cYa\u015famak bir a\u011fa\u00e7 gibi tek ve h\u00fcr<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ve bir orman gibi karde\u015f\u00e7esine\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n